Coffee has long been a source of both pleasure and debate. Once viewed with suspicion due to its caffeine content, it’s now the subject of numerous studies exploring its potential health benefits. So what does the science really say about coffee and your wellbeing?
A Rich Source of Antioxidants
Coffee is one of the richest sources of antioxidants in the average Western diet. These naturally occurring compounds help protect cells from oxidative stress — a process linked to ageing and a number of chronic diseases. While fruit and vegetables are commonly recommended for their antioxidant content, coffee remains a significant contributor, especially for those who consume it regularly.
Source: Freepik.com
Supports Brain Function and Mental Alertness
Caffeine, the best-known active compound in coffee, is a stimulant that affects the central nervous system. It can temporarily improve concentration, memory, and mood. Several studies have also suggested a link between regular coffee consumption and a reduced risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. While more research is needed, the existing findings are promising.
May Reduce the Risk of Certain Diseases
Moderate coffee consumption has been associated with a lower risk of several serious conditions, including:
Type 2 Diabetes: A large review published in the journal Diabetologia found that people who drink coffee regularly have a significantly lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Liver Disease: Coffee appears to protect the liver, with studies indicating that it may lower the risk of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer.
Heart Health: Contrary to earlier concerns, moderate coffee consumption does not appear to increase the risk of heart disease in most people. Some research even suggests a protective effect, particularly when coffee is consumed without added sugar or cream.
A Potential Ally in Longevity
One of the most interesting areas of research is the link between coffee and health benefits. Several large-scale observational studies have found that regular coffee drinkers tend to live longer than non-drinkers. While these studies can’t prove causation, they do suggest that coffee is not only safe for most people but may be beneficial in the long term.
Source: freepik.com
Considerations and Cautions
As with any food or drink, moderation is key. High doses of caffeine can lead to insomnia, increased heart rate, anxiety, and digestive discomfort — especially in individuals sensitive to caffeine. Pregnant women are typically advised to limit intake to 200mg of caffeine per day (about two cups of coffee), and anyone with a medical condition should speak to a healthcare professional before significantly increasing their consumption.
It’s also worth noting that how you drink your coffee matters. Black coffee provides the benefits without the drawbacks of added sugar or high-calorie creamers. Sweetened or flavoured versions can quickly offset the health positives.
Final Thoughts
Coffee is no longer just a morning ritual or a workplace staple — it’s increasingly recognised as a functional beverage with real health benefits. From antioxidants to disease prevention, coffee has much to offer when consumed mindfully. While it’s not a cure-all, it can certainly be part of a balanced and healthy lifestyle.
So, the next time you enjoy your cup of coffee, you can do so with the added comfort that it may be doing more than just waking you up — it might also be doing your body some good.
North Atlanta North is an exciting and dynamic region that offers a variety of attractions for visitors to explore.
Known for its charming neighborhoods, vibrant culture, and scenic outdoor spaces, it’s the perfect destination for both adventure seekers and those looking to relax and unwind.
Whether you’re here for a weekend getaway or a longer stay, there’s something for everyone to enjoy. From thrilling outdoor activities to cultural landmarks and top-notch dining, North Atlanta North has much to offer.
Before diving into the list of things to do, it’s worth noting that even the most idyllic settings can be affected by unforeseen challenges. For example, residents or businesses in the area may occasionally need Atlanta water damage restoration services due to sudden storms or plumbing issues. With that said, the area offers plenty of opportunities to focus on fun and relaxation, and here are the top things to do in North Atlanta North.
1. Explore the Atlanta Botanical Garden
Source: atlantamagazine.com
The Atlanta Botanical Garden is one of the region’s most picturesque and relaxing spots. Located just a short drive from North Atlanta North, this 30-acre garden is an oasis of beauty with its stunning landscapes and themed gardens.
Visitors can wander through the lush, vibrant grounds, which feature everything from colorful flower beds to serene water features and tranquil walking paths.
A must-see at the garden is the Conservatory, which houses a breathtaking collection of orchids and other exotic plants. The garden also hosts various events and seasonal displays, including light festivals and educational programs for nature enthusiasts.
Whether you’re visiting for a peaceful afternoon or attending a special event, the Atlanta Botanical Garden is a delightful destination.
2. Visit the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area
Source: atlnature.com
For outdoor enthusiasts, the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area (CRNRA) offers the perfect blend of natural beauty and recreational opportunities. Stretching along the Chattahoochee River, this vast park provides scenic trails for hiking, biking, and birdwatching, as well as opportunities for water activities like kayaking, canoeing, and fishing.
The park has numerous access points, so visitors can choose from a variety of scenic spots along the river. One of the highlights is the Vickery Creek Trail, which leads you to a beautiful waterfall, offering both an idyllic hike and fantastic photo opportunities.
Whether you’re looking to enjoy a peaceful day by the river or engage in more active pursuits, the CRNRA offers something for everyone.
3. Spend Time at the Mall of Georgia
Source: exploregeorgia.org
The Mall of Georgia is a must-visit for those looking to shop, dine, or simply browse. Located in the heart of North Atlanta North, it is the largest shopping center in the state and offers a wide range of retail stores, from high-end brands to popular chains.
Whether you’re in the mood for fashion, electronics, or home decor, you’ll find plenty of options.
In addition to shopping, the mall also has a wide selection of dining options, from casual eateries to sit-down restaurants. For families, the mall features an entertainment center with a movie theater and arcade, ensuring there’s something fun for everyone.
During the holiday season, the mall is also known for its festive decorations and events, making it a great place to get into the seasonal spirit.
4. Check Out the Southeastern Railway Museum
For history buffs and families alike, the Southeastern Railway Museum offers a fascinating glimpse into the past.
Located in Duluth, just north of Atlanta, this museum showcases an extensive collection of railway artifacts, including historic locomotives, passenger cars, and more. Visitors can explore these well-preserved pieces of history and learn about the role the railroad played in shaping the region.
The museum offers interactive exhibits and train rides, making it an engaging experience for children and adults alike. The museum is also a great place to take a walk through time and explore the history of transportation in the United States.
5. Visit the Aurora Theatre
Source: auroradowntown.org
The Aurora Theatre, located in Lawrenceville, is one of the most popular cultural venues in North Atlanta North.
Known for its incredible productions, the theater offers a variety of live performances, from Broadway-style musicals to classic plays, stand-up comedy, and children’s theater. It is a cultural hub that draws talent from around the region and beyond.
Whether you’re looking for an exciting night out or a family-friendly activity, the Aurora Theatre provides excellent entertainment. Its intimate setting allows audiences to experience live theater in a way that feels personal and engaging. Be sure to check the schedule for upcoming performances when planning your visit.
6. Take a Scenic Drive on the Georgia 400
Georgia 400 is a scenic highway that runs through the northern suburbs of Atlanta, offering a beautiful drive with picturesque views of the Georgia countryside.
As you head north from the city, you’ll pass through a variety of landscapes, including rolling hills, lush forests, and charming small towns.
Taking a drive on Georgia 400 is a relaxing way to explore the area and discover new spots to visit.
Whether you’re just passing through or planning a day trip, the drive provides a perfect opportunity to see North Atlanta North from a different perspective. Make sure to stop at local restaurants and shops along the way for a taste of local flavor.
7. Tour the Gwinnett Environmental and Heritage Center
Source: tripadvisor.com
For a day of educational exploration, head to the Gwinnett Environmental and Heritage Center, located in Buford, Georgia.
This interactive center offers exhibits on the natural and cultural history of the region. With displays on everything from wildlife and ecosystems to Native American history, there’s plenty to see and learn.
The center also has an environmental park with trails and a wetlands area, offering visitors the opportunity to experience nature up close. It’s a great destination for families looking to educate their children about the environment and local history while enjoying outdoor activities.
8. Enjoy the North Georgia Premium Outlets
For those looking to shop for bargains, the North Georgia Premium Outlets is a great spot. Located in Dawsonville, just a short drive north of Atlanta, this outlet mall offers a variety of high-end and popular brand-name stores at discounted prices. Whether you’re in the mood for clothing, accessories, or home goods, you’ll find plenty of options to satisfy your shopping cravings.
The mall also features a selection of restaurants and cafes, so you can enjoy a meal or snack between shopping trips. The North Georgia Premium Outlets is the perfect place to score great deals while enjoying a day out with friends or family.
9. Play at Topgolf Alpharetta
Source: topgolf.com
Topgolf is an innovative golfing experience that combines fun, socializing, and competition in one venue. Located in Alpharetta, Topgolf offers a state-of-the-art driving range where players can enjoy hitting golf balls at targets, all while enjoying delicious food and drinks in a lively atmosphere.
This is a great place to hang out with friends, host a party, or simply enjoy a round of golf in a more relaxed and fun setting. With music, games, and even mini-golf options, Topgolf is perfect for golfers of all skill levels.
Conclusion
North Atlanta North is a wonderful destination with something for everyone. From outdoor adventures and cultural landmarks to world-class shopping and dining, there’s no shortage of things to do.
Whether you’re visiting for a short trip or planning a longer stay, these attractions will ensure you have an unforgettable experience. So, grab your family or friends and head to North Atlanta North for a memorable adventure.
Home prices keep rising. New launches still pull in eager buyers. Government rules tighten, yet confidence doesn’t shake. Everyone’s asking the same thing: has Singapore’s property market hit its ceiling, or is this just the first chapter of something bigger?
Let’s get honest about where the market stands now and what comes next.
Still Breaking Ground, Not Slowing Down
You might expect fatigue after years of rising prices. That’s not happening.
Buyers still queue at launches. Developers continue to acquire land. And major names in real estate are investing more, not less. One such example is Lyndenwoods. It’s backed by CapitaLand, a developer with an unmatched record of building sustainable, tech-forward communities in Singapore.
This is the part you can’t ignore—buyers aren’t just reacting to hype. They’re responding to quality, location, and value that’s built to last.
People are not just purchasing homes. They’re buying into infrastructure, future MRT access, walkable communities, and smarter energy systems. That’s not what happens in a bubble. That’s what happens when a market starts to mature properly.
No Glut, No Crash, Just Careful Planning
Source: weforum.org
You’ve heard it before: “Singapore is running out of land.” That’s not just a cliché—it’s a real limiter. The government tightly controls land sales and project approvals. So, you don’t see massive overbuilding here like in some other countries.
Here’s how it plays out:
New project releases are staggered.
Supply remains behind true demand, especially in resale and HDB upgraders’ market.
Rental stock remains tight, especially in core districts.
When you layer in strict mortgage frameworks, what you get isn’t an overheated mess. You get a market that still has room to grow—slowly and steadily.
Price Movements Still Show Life
Let’s talk about numbers, because that’s where clarity often hides. Prices rose 8.6% in 2023. First quarter of 2024 showed slower growth, but still positive movement.
Resale prices in mature HDB towns have touched new records.
OCR (Outside Central Region) projects are catching up fast.
Developers are still bidding competitively for GLS (Government Land Sales) plots.
If this was a peak, you’d start seeing soft land interest and long launch absorption. That’s not the case. Instead, the trend looks more like recalibration, not reversal.
Buyers Are Choosing Smarter
Today’s buyers are sharper. They know what to look for, developer reputation, transit links, efficient layouts, and long-term rental potential. That’s why projects like Grand Zyon continue to gain traction.
The collaboration between CDL and Mitsui Fudosan brings serious credibility. CDL’s reputation for iconic, green-certified buildings aligns with the evolving preferences of new buyers, those who want style, but also sustainability and efficiency. Mitsui Fudosan, meanwhile, adds a refined, user-focused design angle rooted in Japan’s urban planning culture.
It’s not just location anymore. It’s innovation, liveability, and value per square foot. And when you combine those elements, interest stays high, even at premium prices.
Rents Are Climbing, So Are Yields
Source: m.economictimes.com
If you’re on the fence about entering as an investor, look at the rental market.
2024 has seen rents increase, especially for central and city-fringe condos. Tight supply meets strong tenant demand, and that’s a recipe for high yields. In Districts 9, 10, and 11, gross yields have crossed 3.5%, unusual for premium zones.
Rental demand is propped up by:
Expats returning post-pandemic
Construction delays in BTO completions
Families seeking interim homes while upgrading
That’s why many investors hold, even with interest rates rising. The monthly rental returns offer a buffer against loan servicing. As yields improve, the long-term equation starts looking more attractive.
Instead, many high-net-worth individuals, especially from China, India, and Indonesia, still choose Singapore as a safe place to park capital.
Here’s why:
Stable governance
Transparent legal system
Strong currency
Zero capital gains tax
High liquidity on exit
Foreign buyers don’t buy just for capital appreciation. They look at estate planning, lifestyle relocation, and generational wealth preservation. They’re buying differently, but they’re still buying.
The Urban Landscape Keeps Evolving
Source: encity.co
No one bets against a city still investing in itself. Singapore’s urban planning pipeline continues to draw long-term investors.
All of these reshape value over a 10-year view. Even if today’s prices feel steep, they’re likely to seem reasonable once those areas get transformed.
Long-term players are quietly positioning around MRT growth corridors and future green towns. That’s how wealth is built, in foresight, not panic buying.
Final Thoughts ─ Where Is This All Headed?
Is the market overheated? Not if you look past the surface. Yes, prices are high. But they’re not speculative. They’re supported by structure, policy, and long-term vision.
There’s no fire sale. No mortgage crisis. No developer desperation.
Instead, we’re seeing a more informed market. Buyers are careful. Developers are disciplined. The government is responsive. And the fundamentals still line up.
For those sitting on the sidelines, waiting for a crash, you may be waiting a long time. But for those evaluating with clarity and strategy, the window for sustainable, meaningful growth is still open.
Ever wondered why some pools stay crystal clear without constant work? The secret isn’t magic—it’s a simple system that saves time and effort. A smart approach makes everything easier, keeping water clean without daily struggles.
Key Points:
A structured routine prevents most issues before they start.
Small actions now save major work later.
Investing in the right tools makes maintenance easier.
Seasonal factors impact clarity and chemistry.
Consistency leads to better results with less effort.
The Ultimate Routine for Pool Owners Who Want Less Work and More Fun
Source: pooloperationmanagement.com
A structured plan keeps everything manageable. Water balance, debris control, and protective measures all play a role. With a reliable system, anyone can maintain a clean and inviting backyard retreat.
Every pool needs regular upkeep, but the right steps can make the process easier. People who plan ahead avoid major issues.
Those who wait for a problem spend extra time fixing the mess. The key is a simple, repeatable process that keeps things under control.
Small actions make a huge difference:
Regular testing keeps chemical levels in check.
A quick skim prevents debris from sinking.
Running the filter daily maintains circulation.
Cutting corners may seem easier, but neglected maintenance leads to cloudy water, chemical imbalances, and expensive repairs.
A Cover That Moves with Ease Makes a Huge Difference
An enclosure offers more than just protection from dirt and leaves. It shields the surface from harsh weather, limits evaporation, and keeps heat inside. This means less work skimming debris, lower chemical loss, and improved energy efficiency.
Some pool enclosures operate manually, while others use automatic systems. A motorized model eliminates the hassle of daily adjustments.
With a smooth mechanism, covering and uncovering takes only seconds. That ease encourages regular use, which helps keep the pool in top shape.
Sun exposure speeds up evaporation, and wind carries dust and debris. A quality enclosure reduces both issues, keeping everything cleaner for longer.
Less dirt in the water means fewer chemicals needed to maintain balance. Over time, an enclosure saves money by lowering chemical and heating costs.
Check Chemical Levels at Least Once a Week
Source: thesuffolkpoolcompany.co.uk
Unbalanced chemicals cause murky water, algae, and irritation. Keeping pH, alkalinity, and sanitizer levels within recommended ranges prevents those problems before they start.
Many pool issues start with poor chemistry. Water that looks clean may still have problems below the surface.
Regular testing prevents minor imbalances from turning into serious issues. Instead of guessing, a quick test provides clear guidance.
Testing at the same time each week gives the best results. Morning tests work best because the sun and heat haven’t changed the chemistry yet.
After checking the levels, small adjustments keep everything balanced. Skipping weekly tests allows imbalances to build up, leading to costly fixes.
Ideal chemical levels:
pH: 7.2 – 7.6
Chlorine: 1-3 ppm
Alkalinity: 80-120 ppm
Ignoring one part of the chemistry can throw everything off. High chlorine with low pH causes strong odors and discomfort. Low sanitizer levels allow bacteria to grow. Testing weekly removes guesswork and keeps everything fresh.
Skim and Vacuum Regularly for a Clean Surface
Source: thespruce.com
Even with a pool enclosure, small particles can enter the area. A quick skim with a net and an occasional vacuuming session keep everything looking perfect.
Leaves, bugs, and dust settle fast—removing them early prevents them from sinking and causing stains.
Debris on the surface may not seem like a big problem at first, but it sinks quickly. Once it settles, brushing or vacuuming becomes necessary.
A simple net removes floating leaves before they cause trouble. A vacuum cleans the bottom, pulling up dirt that escapes skimming.
Some people rely on robotic cleaners to handle the work. These devices scrub surfaces and remove debris without much effort.
Others prefer manual vacuums for precise control. Either option works as long as cleaning happens regularly.
A routine that includes both skimming and vacuuming keeps everything fresh without extra effort:
Skim daily to prevent buildup.
Vacuum weekly for deeper cleaning.
Use an automatic cleaner for extra convenience.
Neglecting these tasks leads to cloudy water and clogged filters.
Filters trap small particles that chemicals cannot break down. Without proper filtration, contaminants build up, leading to algae and murky water. Checking the filter pressure gives a clear sign of when it needs cleaning.
Proper filter care includes:
Backwashing a sand filter when pressure increases by 10 psi.
Rinsing cartridge filters weekly and replacing as needed.
Performing a deep clean at least twice a season.
Some systems use diatomaceous earth (DE) filters. These require occasional recharging with fresh DE powder.
Understanding the specific filter type ensures proper care. Regular maintenance extends the lifespan of the equipment and keeps circulation strong.
Shock Treatments Keep Everything Fresh
Sunlight, contaminants, and heavy use all weaken chlorine. Shocking restores sanitizer strength and keeps bacteria levels low.
Chlorine naturally breaks down over time. Without proper maintenance, contaminants build up, leading to cloudy water and strong odors. A shock treatment resets chlorine levels and eliminates bacteria.
Shocking works best at night when sunlight won’t burn off the chemicals. Letting the pump run afterward ensures proper circulation.
How to shock properly:
Use a shock treatment every two weeks.
Add extra after storms, parties, or hot weather.
Run the pump for at least 8 hours after shocking.
Keeping a consistent schedule ensures everything stays clear.
Once algae take hold, removing it becomes a major task. Prevention is the best strategy. Keeping the water moving, brushing surfaces, and maintaining sanitizer levels stops growth before it starts.
Prevention methods:
Brushing the walls and floor weekly removes spores before they attach.
Strong circulation prevents dead spots where algae thrive.
Running the pump at least 8 hours a day ensures proper movement.
Using an algaecide weekly adds an extra layer of protection.
If an outbreak happens, a strong shock treatment combined with brushing and vacuuming clears it up. Staying ahead of algae keeps everything clear without unnecessary work.
Conclusion
Keeping everything fresh doesn’t require hours of work. A consistent schedule, a few smart tools, and preventive measures eliminate most common problems. Small steps today prevent big issues later. Investing in a few upgrades makes everything even easier.
A solid routine leads to clearer water, fewer chemicals, and a better experience. With the right habits, anyone can keep their pool in top shape without constant effort.
In financial planning, wealth management plays a crucial part, as it entails a comprehensive approach to managing finances to attain long-term stability and growth.
Wealth management essentially includes all financial activities and considerations to help individuals meet their financial objectives.
The main aim of wealth management is to protect and grow corpus while reducing the risks associated with investments.
Wealth management firms primarily understand and assess the client’s financial situation, including income and expenses.
By getting a comprehensive picture of their financial standing, wealth managers guide individuals to make strategic investments to meet their financial goals and ensure long-term financial stability.
Role of wealth management in personal finance
Source: library.everyincome.com
Personal finance broadly involves money management, saving, and investing. Thus, it includes budgeting, investing, saving, and planning for the future.
For example, budgeting involves earmarking a certain amount to a high-value purchase, such as a home appliance from an online marketplace. It also considers various financial risks and future events, enabling you to make informed financial decisions.
Let us look at the role of wealth management in personal finance:
1. Financial planning
Wealth management firms consider various financial elements, including taxes, insurance coverage, and cash flow, instead of focusing on a single aspect.
This allows them to draft a comprehensive financial plan, which also accounts for sudden changes in your life, such as having a child or getting a new job.
2. Investment management
Another crucial facet of wealth management is creating and managing an investment portfolio that aligns with your objectives, risk tolerance, and investment horizon.
A wealth management firm or manager often employs diversified strategies, including mutual funds, bonds, stocks, and alternative investments.
For example, a part of your corpus will be earmarked to open a fixed deposit with a bank or NBFC that guarantees moderate but assured returns.
3. Risk management and insurance
Source: xibms.com
Risk management and insurance are also part of wealth management. Wealth managers identify financial risks and create strategies to mitigate them.
On the other hand, insurance solutions, ranging from health and life insurance to property and liability insurance, are assessed and optimised based on the client’s exposure.
4. Tax optimisation
A key aspect of building and preserving wealth is minimising the tax burden. Wealth management firms work with tax professionals to use strategies that reduce tax liabilities and maximise net returns.
This can include tax-saving investment instruments (such as PPF or 5-year tax-saver FDs) and planning for capital gains.
An example is tax-loss harvesting, which involves selling underperforming securities at a loss to offset gains from other investments, thus reducing the overall tax liability.
5. Retirement planning
Source: meldfinancial.com
A crucial part of wealth management is creating a roadmap to ensure a comfortable life post-retirement.
For this purpose, wealth managers assess your current lifestyle and calculate the income needed per month post-retirement (taking inflation into account). Wealth managers also explore optimal withdrawal strategies and adjust plans according to changes in market conditions.
6. Estate planning
Once you have accumulated wealth, as a discerning parent and individual, you must think about how to distribute your assets before passing.
In India, assets are distributed among the legal heirs according to applicable personal laws if someone passes away without drafting a will.
However, it is essential that you plan ahead to ensure the assets are distributed properly. You can also donate a part of your assets to charity, and all of this comes under wealth management.
7. Ongoing financial advice
Source: netwealth.com
Neither personal finance nor wealth management is static. They change according to changes in your personal life.
For example, career changes, marriage, or the birth of a child warrant certain adjustments to your portfolio.
Similarly, changes in the market conditions require the wealth manager to come up with new strategies and make specific adjustments to your asset allocation.
Conclusion
Wealth management combines all facets of personal finance, with the wealth manager creating a robust and comprehensive plan to protect and grow your corpus.
These strategies are tailored according to individual goals, risk appetite, and changes in your personal life.
By providing continuous guidance and assistance, wealth managers ensure the plan drafted remains aligned with changing market conditions and life changes.
Form 16 is a document given to salaried employees under Section 203 of the Income Tax Act. This employer-provided document shows the details of your salary and the tax deducted at source (TDS).
However, even if you don’t have Form 16, you must file your Income Tax Return (ITR). As per the latest income tax laws, you are required to file an ITR if your income exceeds the basic exemption limit of Rs. 3 lakhs (Rs. 2.5 lakhs under the old tax regime).
Failure to file ITR by the due date (usually 31st July) leads to fees and penalties. In the absence of Form 16, you can use several other documents, such as Form 26AS, bank statements, salary slips, and more to calculate your total taxable income.
In this article, let’s see a list of documents you can refer to while filing ITR without Form 16. Also, we will learn the various consequences of non-filing ITR in the absence of Form 16.
What happens when you don’t file ITR before the due date
Source: freepik.com
Due to the lack of Form 16, if you don’t file your ITR before the due date, you can face the following consequences:
You will be charged a late filing fee under Section 234F of Rs. 5,000 for incomes above Rs. 5 lakhs and Rs. 1,000 for incomes below Rs. 5 lakhs.
You have to pay interest under Section 234A at 1% per month (or part of a month) on the unpaid tax amount.
Missing the deadline also means you lose the benefit of carrying forward losses.
Moreover, repeated non-filing is mostly viewed as tax evasion. It could lead to prosecution and might even result in imprisonment ranging from 6 months to 7 years depending on the severity of the default.
What documents to use in the absence of Form 16
If you don’t have Form 16, you can still file your return by using other documents. These help you gather all the necessary details required for your tax filing. Let’s check them out:
1. Get Form 26AS
Download Form 26AS from the official income tax portal. It is a detailed tax statement that shows all TDS (Tax Deducted at Source) credited to your PAN. Compare the TDS entries with your salary slips to ensure they match.
2. Review salary slips and bank statements
Use your salary slips or bank statements to calculate your total salary income. Specifically, check for deductions like Provident Fund or Professional Tax.
3. Examine Annual Information Statement (AIS)
Source: freepik.com
AIS is an extension of Form 26AS. It provides a detailed summary of various financial activities linked to your PAN. From here you can check the following:
Interest income earnings from savings accounts and fixed deposits with banks and NBFCs
Dividend income received from shares or mutual funds
Details of stock market trades
Mutual fund transactions, such as purchases, redemptions, and dividends
Information related to foreign remittances
Please note that much of the information provided in AIS is pre-filled in your ITR. This reduces errors and saves you time when filing ITR.
4. Use alternative documents
If you have investment proofs (like insurance or rent receipts), you can use them to claim deductions. Some common documents you can refer to are:
Insurance premium receipts: For life or health insurance policies under Section 80C and 80D
Home loan interest certificate: For interest paid on home loans under Section 24(b)
Public Provident Fund (PPF) passbook: To claim deductions under Section 80C
Fixed Deposit (FD) receipts: For tax-saving FDs with a tenure of 5 years
Education loan interest certificate: To claim deductions on interest payments under Section 80E
Medical bills and preventive health check-up bills: For deductions under Section 80D or 80DD for medical expenses.
As a tip, you should make sure all documents are accurate and valid for the financial year. Besides these documents, you should maintain invoices of all the high-value purchases made from online marketplaces or offline stores.
Conclusion
If your taxable income exceeds the basic exemption limit, you must file your ITR before the due date even in the absence of Form 16. This allows you to remain compliant with the tax laws, avoid late fees, and save yourself from hefty interest charges.
To accurately file your return, you can use several alternative documents to Form 16, like salary slips, Form 26AS, investment proof, and the AIS. Using these documents, calculate your taxable income. Next, apply slab rates to determine your outstanding tax liability or refund.
Lastly, visit the official income tax website and log in. Here choose an appropriate ITR form and enter all the details. Submit and e-verify your return within 30 days.
The mobile application market is booming ─ several applications enjoy their release in app stores every single day, and the average user expects apps to work well on different devices. That is no small feat since there are a number of smartphones and different kinds of tablets; hence, it means the developer should cover all platforms and devices, ensuring the application runs smoothly across all of them.
This brings us to the common conundrum ─ Will you do mobile testing through a remote test lab or a device farm? Both want to help you test your app on different devices, but which option is for you? This article will demonstrate some pros and cons of each and help guide you to make an educated decision.
Understanding Mobile Testing Challenges
Let’s discuss the main challenges we face in real-world scenarios.
Diversity of Devices and Platforms
The mobile world is vast. There are many operating systems like iOS and Android. Within these, there are countless versions. Then, there are different device models with varying screen sizes and hardware capabilities. This fragmentation makes testing a complex task. You need to ensure your app works well on as many devices as possible.
Network Variability
Users access apps over different networks. Some might be on fast Wi-Fi connections. Others might use slower mobile data networks. Network speed can affect how your app performs. Testing under various network conditions helps you see how your app behaves in real-world scenarios.
User Experience Expectations
Users have high standards. They expect apps to load quickly and run smoothly. Any lag or glitch can lead them to uninstall your app. Ensuring top-notch performance and usability is crucial. This means testing not just the app’s functions but also its look and feel.
What Are Remote Test Labs?
Remote test labs are virtual environments. They simulate real devices on your computer. You access them through cloud services. Think of them as digital copies of smartphones and tablets.
How Remote Test Labs Work
You connect to these virtual devices over the internet. This allows you to test your app without needing physical devices. You can choose different device models and operating system versions to test on.
Advantages of Remote Test Labs
Cost-effectiveness ─ Since there is no need to purchase a multitude of physical devices, companies can save significant amounts of money, especially startups or small businesses with limited budgets. Additionally, these labs offer ease of scalability.
Ease of scalability ─ additionally, these labs offer ease of scalability. If you need to test on more devices, you simply select additional virtual devices from the cloud service’s catalog. The setup and deployment are quick, allowing teams to begin testing without delay and adapt rapidly to changing project needs.
Quick setup and deployment ─ If you need to test on more devices, you simply select additional virtual devices from the cloud service’s catalog. The setup and deployment are quick, allowing teams to begin testing without delay and adapt rapidly to changing project needs.
Limitations of Remote Test Labs
Potential discrepancies with real device performance ─ Virtual devices might not mimic real devices perfectly.
Limitations in testing hardware-specific features ─ Features like camera or GPS might not work the same.
What Are Device Farms?
Device farms consist of collections of real devices that are accessible remotely. These are actual smartphones and tablets connected to a cloud service, allowing testers to run their apps on physical hardware without having the devices on hand. Device farms provide a truer testing environment, as they reflect real-world usage closer than any virtual device would. They let testers see, in real-time, how the app interacts with hardware and software on the device, something emulators simply can’t help with.
Using device farms means connecting to those physical devices over the internet while testers can perform installations of their apps, perform tests, and observe how the app interacts with the device hardware and software. The method is extremely useful for issues that would show up on certain devices or certain conditions only, such as hardware incompatibility problems, performance bottlenecks, or strange behavior of a particular OS version.
Advantages of Device Farms
Testing on real hardware for accurate results: You see how your app performs on actual devices.
Access to a wide range of devices and OS versions: Test on many different models and software versions.
Limitations of Device Farms
Higher costs ─ Accessing physical devices can be more expensive.
Possible scheduling conflicts due to device availability: You might have to wait if the device you need is in use.
Remote Test Labs vs. Device Farms ─ A Comparative Analysis
Source: testfort.com
Let’s check the most impactful criterias.
Performance Accuracy
Remote test labs provide simulated environments. This is good for basic testing. However, they might miss nuances of real devices. Device farms offer testing on actual hardware. This gives you more accurate results.
Cost Implications
Remote test labs are generally cheaper. You don’t need to invest in hardware. Device farms can be more costly due to the physical devices involved.
Scalability and Flexibility
Remote test labs are easy to scale. You can quickly add more virtual devices. Device farms might have limited devices available. Scaling might require more investment.
Device Availability
With remote test labs, you have access to many virtual devices. But they might not cover all models. Device farms offer a wide range of real devices. However, availability might be limited if others are using them.
User Experience Testing
Testing gestures, battery usage, and hardware interactions is crucial. Device farms excel here since you’re using real devices. Remote test labs might not capture all these aspects accurately.
Integration with Testing Tools
Both options often integrate with automation frameworks and CI/CD pipelines. However, device farms might offer better compatibility due to their real-device nature.
LambdaTest ─ Bridging the Gap
Device farms consist of collections of real devices that are accessible remotely. These are actual smartphones and tablets connected to a cloud service, allowing testers to run their apps on physical hardware without having the devices on hand. Device farms provide a more accurate testing environment since they reflect real-world usage more closely than virtual devices. They enable testers to observe how the app interacts with the device’s hardware and software in real-time, providing insights that are not possible with emulators.
Using device farms involves connecting to these physical devices over the internet. Testers can install their apps, perform tests, and observe how the app interacts with the device’s hardware and software. This method is invaluable for identifying issues that only manifest on specific devices or under certain conditions, such as hardware compatibility problems, performance bottlenecks, or unique behaviors of certain operating system versions.
With LambdaTest, you get access to both real devices and simulators/emulators. This means you can choose the best option for your needs. It supports both automated and manual testing.
Key Features Relevant to Mobile Testing
Wide range of devices and operating systems ─ Test on many different devices.
Seamless integration with popular testing frameworks ─ Works well with tools you might already use.
Real-time debugging and collaboration tools ─ Fix issues quickly and work with your team efficiently.
How LambdaTest Combines the Best of Both Worlds
LambdaTest offers the cost-effectiveness of remote test labs and the accuracy of device farms. You can balance your needs based on your budget and testing requirements. Many users have found success with LambdaTest. They highlight its ease of use and comprehensive device coverage.
Factors to Consider When Choosing Your Mobile Testing Platform
Source: techcrunch.com
There are countless factors, let’s discuss the most impactful ones.
Project Requirements
Consider the complexity of your app. Does it use hardware-specific features? How extensive does your test coverage need to be?
Budget Constraints
Look at your resources. Remote test labs might be better if you’re on a tight budget. Device farms might be worth the investment for more accurate testing.
Team Expertise and Resources
Think about your team’s familiarity with testing tools. Choose a platform that aligns with their skills.
Time-to-Market Pressures
If you need to release your app quickly, consider platforms that offer rapid testing and deployment.
Future Scalability
Plan for the long term. Choose a platform that can grow with your needs.
Many developers have found success with LambdaTest. Case studies and testimonials often highlight the platform’s user-friendly interface, comprehensive device coverage, and responsive customer support. These factors contribute to a smoother testing process and, ultimately, a better app. By leveraging LambdaTest’s capabilities, teams can improve their testing efficiency, reduce time-to-market, and enhance the overall quality of their mobile applications.
Conclusion
In the world of mobile app testing, you have choices. Remote test labs offer a cost-effective way to test on various devices virtually. Device farms provide the accuracy of testing on real hardware. Each has its pros and cons.
The ideal choice depends on your specific needs. Assess your project requirements, budget, and time constraints. Remember that user experience is paramount. Accurate testing leads to better apps.
LambdaTest stands out as a platform that bridges the gap. It offers both virtual and real-device testing. This flexibility can meet diverse testing needs.
Take the time to evaluate your mobile testing needs. Consider trying out LambdaTest. It might be the solution that helps you deliver a flawless app experience to your users.
Just to take you on a little journey into this wonderful and sometimes wacky world of browser compatibility testing. Now, don’t roll your eyes just yet. I promise this won’t be one of those techy lectures that makes your head spin.
But imagine instead I’m sitting across from you with a cup of chai-or if you’re into that sort of thing-coffee, and we are chatting about this weird, quirky world where Chrome, Firefox, and Safari are like frenemies, fighting over who’s going to render your web app better. It really is a fight for the ages, and sometimes even an oversized headache for a developer like me.
What is Browser Compatibility Testing?
Cross-browser testing of any browser means the testing of your web application for proper functionality across different browsers, devices, and operating systems. As such, it is purposed at assisting one in giving users a similar experience irrespective of their geographic locations from where they access your application. This testing checks whether the design, functionality, and overall user experience of the web app come out as uniform across platforms.
The major components comprising browser compatibility testing are highlighted below:
Devices ─ Testing across desktops, laptops, smartphones, and tablets.
Tests operating systems ─ Ensuring the compatibility of applications/programs across a variety of operating systems, including Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android.
Screen resolutions ─ The responsiveness of the web application across a wide range of screen sizes and resolutions.
Why is Browser Compatibility Testing Important?
Source: aqua-cloud.io
Key reasons that will state why browser compatibility testing plays an important role:
User Experience
Where the web application is concerned, there absolutely needs to be a seamless and smooth user experience. When the layout breaks and features do not work, users promise themselves never to return. Ensuring browser compatibility means making sure that each and every user will have a smooth experience, no matter which browser they choose.
Market Reach
Different people just love different browsers, anything from Chrome to Safari to Firefox. If you don’t test your app across all modern browsers, you will instantly alienate a large sector of your audience. Browser compatibility testing extends the market reach to its full capacity by making the web app accessible to the maximum amount of users.
SEO Impact
Browser compatibility also impacts SEO. Poor web performance, broken layouts, or features that don’t work across certain browsers can lead to higher bounce rates, slower load times, and fewer indexed pages. These issues can lower your search engine ranking. Ensuring compatibility helps boost your SEO and attract more traffic.
Key Browsers and Platforms to Test On
When performing browser compatibility testing, concentrate on the most well-known browsers and platforms that your audience is most likely to use. Key browsers and platforms to focus on include:
Popular Browsers
Chrome ─ The most widely used browser in the world, with a wide scope of users ranging from desktop to mobile users.
Safari ─ Many people use Safari, a browser especially on mobile devices, such as the iPhone.
Firefox is a very popular web browser, offering excellent security and customization features.
Edge ─ Microsoft’s default browser, popular among Windows users.
Platforms to Test On
Windows ─ One of the most common desktop operating systems.
macOS ─ The default OS for Apple desktop and laptop devices.
iOS ─ Apple’s mobile operating system, commonly used on iPhones and iPads.
Android ─ The most popular mobile operating system globally, used on a wide variety of smartphones and tablets.
Real-World Conditions
Apart from testing on these browsers and platforms, it’s much more important to simulate real-world conditions. Users come to your app with different screen sizes, at variable Internet speeds, and even on old browser versions. Testing under these conditions will ensure that whatever the situation may be, your app will be feather-perfect.
Common Browser Compatibility Issues
Source: backlinko.com
Even the best-designed web apps can run into issues when tested across different browsers. Common problems include:
HTML, CSS, and JavaScript Rendering
Different browsers interpret HTML, CSS, and JavaScript in various ways, leading to broken layouts or missing elements. JavaScript functionality can vary as well, causing certain features like buttons or animations to fail.
Vendor-Specific Prefixes
Developers often use vendor-specific prefixes in CSS to ensure compatibility across browsers. Forgetting to include the correct prefixes can result in broken features on specific browsers.
Responsive Design Challenges
With devices ranging from desktops to smartphones, web apps must be responsive. However, ensuring a consistent look across all screen sizes is tricky, as elements that work well on large screens can become distorted on smaller devices.
Browser Version Compatibility
Not all users update their browsers regularly. Developers need to test web apps on both old and new versions to avoid compatibility issues.
Tools and Techniques for Browser Compatibility Testing
Source: linkedin.com
Testing a web application in various browsers is extremely time-consuming, but it is necessary. There are two practical approaches to testing for browser compatibility: manual testing and automated testing. Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages, and the most effective strategy often involves combining both.
Manual vs Automated Testing Approaches
Manual testing ─ requires the physical interaction of our web app on different browsers, platforms, and various devices. With this method, you see precisely what users are going to experience with your app. Manual testing can be valuable for checking visual aspects, user interactions, and rare bugs that automated tools might miss. However, it’s slow and becomes less feasible as the number of browsers, devices, and test cases increases.
Automated testing ─ uses scripts to simulate user interactions with your app across different browsers and devices. This method saves time, especially when running repetitive tests on multiple browsers. Once a test script is written, it can be executed repeatedly without additional effort. The downside is that automated testing may not catch certain UI issues or unexpected bugs that require human judgment. However, it’s essential for covering a large number of test cases quickly and consistently.
Importance of Cross-Browser Testing Tools for Efficiency
The tools help with your pain. It gives you a cloud-based environment where you can test on browsers, operating systems, and devices. In their absence, you would have to set up every combination of browser and device yourself, which is really a very time-consuming and inefficient task.
With tools like LambdaTest, you solve this by providing a scalable, cloud-based testing environment where clients can run both manual and automated tests on a wide suite of browser and OS combinators.
Frameworks and Software Used in Testing Browsers
There are a number of test frameworks that help with the smooth processing of browser compatibility testing by automation. Some of the most popular ones include:
It’s an automation framework that runs scripts for testing your web app on a heap of browsers. X Selenium supports most languages – including Java, Python, and JavaScript. It’s open-source, making it most teams’ go-to.
Cypress ─ Although still a new framework, Cypress gains more followers due to its speedy performance and simplicity. It targets modern web applications, which means it features a simple API that allows users to write automated tests pretty easily. Unlike Selenium, Cypress operates better with JavaScript-heavy applications.
Puppeteer ─ Puppeteer is a headless browser testing framework for Chrome. This is particularly useful for testing features that are specific to Chrome and provide a great deal of control over how the browser interacts with your application.
Each of these tools has different strong points, so mastering them can save lots of time and effort in some of the works related to browser compatibility testing.
LambdaTest ─ Simplifying Cross-Browser Testing
LambdaTest is a cloud-based cross-browser testing platform that allows you to test your web apps on over 3,000+ browser and OS combinations. Whether you’re testing manually or through automation, LambdaTest offers an intuitive platform that helps you find and fix browser compatibility issues faster.
Key Features of LambdaTest
One of the biggest advantages of LambdaTest is its comprehensive feature set. Here are some key highlights:
Real device cloud ─ LambdaTest provides access to a real device cloud, enabling you to test on actual devices rather than emulators or simulators. This ensures accurate testing results because real devices replicate real-world user conditions.
Supports manual and automated testing ─ LambdaTest supports both manual testing and automated testing. You can test your app manually on different browsers or use automation frameworks like Selenium and Cypress by running your test scripts across multiple browsers simultaneously.
Integration with popular testing frameworks ─ LambdaTest is integrated with Selenium, Cypress, and JUnit for running automation test scripts. This will make it really easy to run your test scripts on the platform with much fewer changes.
Case Study ─ How LambdaTest Improves Browser Compatibility
An example will make it clearer. Suppose you have developed a web application and you intended that all things are just perfect on desktops and also mobiles. Then you started testing, only to realize that though working exactly fine in Chrome, it gets broken when accessed from Firefox and Safari. The users would say some buttons didn’t work; the layout got misaligned on some devices.
With LambdaTest, you can quickly reproduce those bugs by testing your application across different versions of Firefox and Safari on various devices. Performing automated tests in parallel, you pinpoint the problem to be a missing CSS prefix required by only Firefox and Safari. You fix the bug, and with LambdaTest, rerun your tests to make sure everything is smooth on all browsers.
This way, LambdaTest will ensure that you catch and fix browser compatibility bugs much faster and deliver seamlessly to every user.
Best Practices for Effective Browser Compatibility Testing
Source: opensourceforu.com
While tools like LambdaTest make cross-browser testing easier, following best practices can further improve the effectiveness of your testing strategy. Here are a few key tips to keep in mind:
Prioritize Browsers Based on Audience
Before testing, determine which browsers are in the highest demand from your end-target users. Consider analytics such as Google Analytics to find which browsers your users are using. Test those first, but don’t slight the smaller audiences whose members may be using less common browsers.
Test Early and Often
Browser compatibility issues are easier to fix when caught early. Start testing as soon as your web app has enough functionality to be tested. By incorporating cross-browser testing early in the development cycle, you can avoid last-minute issues before launch.
Leverage Cloud-Based Testing Tools
Using cloud-based testing tools like LambdaTest allows you to scale your testing efforts efficiently. Instead of maintaining a large inventory of physical devices and browsers, you can access everything you need in the cloud. This saves time, resources, and effort.
Utilize Both Automated and Manual Testing
While automated testing can cover most cases quickly, manual testing still plays a crucial role in finding UI or experience-related bugs. Combine both approaches to ensure thorough coverage of all possible issues.
Conclusion
In today’s multi-device, multi-browser world, testing cross browser compatibility is no longer optional. It concerns offering users a frictionless user experience and reaching the maximum market, constraining positive business outcomes. Tools like LambdaTest make the process much easier, quicker, and smoother. By following the best practices and utilizing the right toolset, your web application can perform absolutely perfectly on all platforms and give your users just the kind of experience they have come to expect from you.
Since the digital world keeps on changing all the time, one always has to stay on his toes and keep updating proactively with browser updates and trends. Keep testing and take all the necessary measures so that the app is ready for the latest wave of consumers.
The web applications market has been more competitive than ever which demands a strong focus on reliability and performance.
Automated testing has been a cornerstone in the web development and delivery space. It has provided a robust framework to simplify the testing process and ensure optimum product quality.
Selenium has been a popular choice as a feature-rich open-source tool coupled with a programming language as vibrant as Python. Python adds up to this dynamic synergy creating efficient and scalable automated tests. As a programming language, it is one of the most suitable for newbies in testing and even experienced developers to adapt to respective projects.
Selenium compliments this alliance between Selenium and Python with its vast and active community, finding resources, troubleshooting issues, and exploring advanced features.
This blog post will guide you to write and run efficient and reliable tests using Selenium with Python like a pro. You will know how to set up Selenium and Python for your project on your system before you write your first script and advance to run automated tests applying the best practices.
Why Python and Selenium Make a Great Pair for Automation
Source: greenstechnologys.com
Python with Selenium is a robust package for web automation. Here’s how:
User-friendly ─ Python’s simple syntax and clean structure make test script writing and comprehension easy.
Rich libraries ─ Python offers a wide range of libraries, including pytest for advanced testing, BeautifulSoup for web scraping, and requests for handling HTTP interactions. This mechanism advances Selenium’s core functionalities adding new capabilities.
Cross-browser compatibility ─ Selenium provides cross-browser support and platforms. This functionality enables tests to run seamlessly across various devices for broader coverage.
Active community ─ Both Python and Selenium are backed by active communities with a variety of tutorials and forums, allowing effective troubleshooting and skill development.
Setting Up Selenium and Python
Automate web tests with Selenium and Python by setting up the appropriate environment. Certain things must be installed on your computer beforehand. Those are–Python, Selenium package, and a WebDriver. Once everything is in place, you’ll be ready to write and run your first test script.
Here are some simple steps to make this process a little less complicated:
1) Install Python on your computer. Download it from the official Python website.
2) Open the command prompt or terminal and type pip install selenium to install Selenium.
3) Selenium needs a WebDriver to interact with the browser. For example, if you’re using Chrome, download the ChromeDriver from the official site and make sure it matches your browser version.
4) Place the downloaded WebDriver file in a folder on your computer. You’ll have to specify the path to this file in your scripts.
5) Now create a new Python file and import Selenium. Here’s a simple example:
4) You can now interact with elements on the page. It’s like clicking a button or filling out a form.
Use this code to find or click a button.
button = driver.find_element_by_id(‘submit’)
button.click()
5) Close the browser once the test is done.
Advanced Tips for Writing Pro-Level Tests
Source: visualmodo.com
That’s pretty much all you have to do for writing automated tests. Now that you’re comfortable with the basics, it’s time to level up. There are some problems/ challenges you could face while testing. Here are some “Advanced tips” to use when that happens.
1) Sometimes, elements on a web page take time to load. So, instead of rushing the test and causing errors, it is advised to use waits. This tells Selenium to pause until the element is ready.
This is how you can do that;
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
2) Another thing to remember is to avoid redundancy, i.e. don’t repeat yourself. If you’re doing the same actions (like logging in) across multiple tests, create a function for it. This keeps your code clean and easy to maintain. And also saves a lot of time and energy that could be used doing something more productive than just logging in.
3) Always verify that your tests are doing what they should. Neither the user nor the testers like to be surprised. Predictability and reliability are the keys to creating successful web apps. Use assertions to confirm whether something is working as expected.
assert “Welcome” in driver.page_source
This code will help do just the same.
4) When a test fails, it’s helpful to have a screenshot of the issue. That can be added to your tests for easier debugging. Because you now know exactly what went wrong and where.
driver.save_screenshot(‘error.png’)
5) Testing frameworks like PyTest or Unittest organize and manage your tests. They also make running multiple tests much easier.
Ways to Run Tests Like a Professional
Source: leocode.com
Writing tests is not enough. Also, those “written” tests are of no use if they don’t run properly, are they? So, here are a few tips that’ll help solve this problem.
1) Run tests on multiple browsers ─ Don’t limit the testing to just one browser. See if the application works on Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and others. Then set up those tests to run on different browsers by changing the WebDriver.
driver = webdriver.Firefox() # For Firefox
driver = webdriver.Chrome() # For Chrome
2) Parallel testing ─ Running tests one by one is quite slow and mundane. Not to mention exhausting as well. This is why you should try running multiple tests at the same time to save time. The process mentioned here is called parallel testing, and you can use frameworks like PyTest with plugins like pytest-xdist for the same.
3) Use test suites ─ Organize your tests into groups to run related tests together. For example, you could have a suite for login tests and another for checkout tests.
4) CI/CD Integration ─ It’s a good idea to integrate your tests into Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment pipelines for bigger projects. This way, the tests run automatically whenever new code is added.
5) Monitor and report ─ After running the tests, always check the results. Use reporting tools or frameworks that give detailed insights on which tests passed, failed, or need extra attention.
Best Practices For Writing Effective Tests
Source: linkedin.com
Simple tests ─ Simplicity is the key. Write your tests in a way that anyone can easily follow. Focus on testing one thing at a time and do not make it more complicated than it already is.
Make tests independent ─ Each test should be independent. This way, if one test fails, it won’t affect the others. Independent tests make it easier to fix problems.
Use descriptive names ─ Always give your tests meaningful names. Instead of naming a test something generic like test1, name it something clear like test_login_functionality. This helps everyone understand what the test is supposed to do at a glance.
Test common user scenarios ─ Focus on the actions users are most likely to perform. For example, test logging in, filling out forms, and navigating pages. This shows that the important parts of your web app work smoothly.
Use assertions wisely ─ An assertion is a way to check if a test passes or fails. It is recommended to use clear assertions that directly test the expected outcome. Let’s say you are testing a login–assert that the user is redirected to the dashboard.
Handle dynamic elements ─ Web pages change dynamically, with elements loading at different times. Use waits in your tests to see if elements are fully loaded before interacting with them. This prevents flaky tests that fail randomly.
Organize tests in suites ─ Group similar tests together into test suites. Have a separate suite for login tests, another for checkout tests, etc. This helps you run related tests together and keeps everything organized.
Run tests regularly ─ Don’t wait too long between test runs. Run your tests frequently. It is advised to run them every time a new code is added. Doing this will catch issues early before they become bigger, unsolvable, or difficult to solve problems.
Take advantage of reports ─ Use tools that generate detailed reports after running your tests. These reports show which tests passed and failed. Keeping track of the data will make it easier to spot patterns. You’ll know what is not working and hopefully change it effectively for immediate results.
Optimize for speed ─ Automated tests should save time, not slow you down. Keep your tests efficient by avoiding unnecessary actions. If you’re running many tests, try parallel testing to run multiple tests at once.
Conclusion
Selenium and Python work great together for automating repetitive tasks and running your apps as expected. Keep trying out new features and staying up to date. With a bit of practice, you’ll get better at catching issues early and delivering top-quality software.
From facilitating with some of the simplest features starting from clicking buttons to cross-browser testing.
Automated testing is not only about time efficiency but also about the consistency and integrity of web applications being tested. It creates a test workflow that is seamless and reliable and provides a smooth development pipeline.
Coupled with the best test automation practices on top of the Selenium-Python duo, you can leverage optimized and stable testing.
Web automation has seen a transformative advancement in the form of testing using Selenium with Python. The simplicity of Python and the power of Selenium makes it a streamlined and scalable process.
Studying at foreign universities so that the academic difference does not interfere with further education is necessary because this is the only way to fully acquire knowledge already in the main program. For this purpose, the International Baccalaureate, IB, was created. The program was created for children from 3 to 19 years old within the framework of secondary education.
The IB system was first used in 1948. It is based on concepts such as globalism, cosmopolitanism, and bilingualism, which were formulated and identified by the French educator Marie-Therese Morette. So, how to get IB diploma?
The system itself includes three programs. The categories are divided according to the student’s age and level of development.
Primary Years Program (PYP) — for children from 3 to 12 years old.
Middle Years Program (MYP) — for teenagers from 11 to 16 years old.
Diploma Program (DP) — for high school students from 16 to 19 years old.
The entire program is designed in such a way that after its completion, the student becomes an inquisitive and comprehensively developed person. The emphasis here is not on getting knowledge but on getting flexible skills. Such a person will solve problems independently in the future, adapt to the changed conditions, and establish contacts with people of different views. How do you get an IB diploma?
World practice of schools with the IB diploma program
Source: academiccourses.com
About 150 countries around the world support the system. Based on this program, more than 5,000 schools are now open and actively operating worldwide.
There are more than a thousand such schools in the USA. In Europe, Switzerland has the most such establishments, which can be found in France, Germany, and Italy.
Why choose such establishments? All students receive high-quality education that meets international standards in all requirements and conditions. Students select several subjects that they will study in depth. They don’t have to be in the same field. Many prestigious universities and scholarships are awarded to students who have completed such studies.
They are ready to study an in-depth program at the best universities. Plus, flexible skills help you adapt to any conditions at the university. Let’s consider how to get an international baccalaureate diploma.
Recent changes in the IB program
There is not a single area that has not been affected by the coronavirus, including the conduct of various international exams. At the time of the pandemic, most exams were canceled. At this point, distance learning programs and exams began to develop actively.
Online courses and tests have become a solution for many students. This method has made the systems more accessible. Now they say that artificial intelligence will become an assistant for learning.
The programs have become more adapted; that is, they take into account the individual characteristics of the student and their current level of knowledge. All training systems bring more results because everyone gets exactly what they need
Essence of IB
Source: ideas.time.com
Let’s take a closer look at what a program is, exactly how it works, and how to get IB certificate.
The main difference from similar options is a holistic approach that covers a large amount of knowledge and skills that will be useful to you in training and real-time. Students develop critical thinking, communication in an intercultural environment, and the ability to make quick decisions. Although the system itself differs depending on the level, let’s look at all the categories to understand exactly how to get a diploma.
The Primary Years Program (PYP) sets the main goal to form students’ desire to gain knowledge and learn to cooperate in order to solve joint tasks. In total, children must master the main six subjects: languages, mathematics, natural sciences, technology, art, and physical education.
Middle Years Program, MYP is a system that is designed to work specifically with teenagers. They are taught independence so that they can make decisions and interact with the team. The list of standard subjects is similar to the junior system, but the student chooses subjects that will be studied at an advanced level.
The Diploma Program, DP aims to prepare students for admission to the best universities. The whole process divides all subjects into three groups. The main subjects are studied in depth at a high level. Such lessons are chosen at the middle stage. The second group includes subjects that are required for study. These are mathematics, English, and natural sciences. There are separate elective subjects that are chosen by students who want to specialize in a particular field.
In addition, there is a separate Career-related Program, CP, which aims to gain the knowledge and skills needed for a career. They gain professional experience in their chosen field. Such a system is flexible since it can go along with obtaining a diploma or be selected separately in order to focus on a career direction.
Requirements for the IB diploma program
Source: bau.edu
A standard set of requirements is mandatory for those who want to study under this system. How do I get an IB certificate?
Send a motivation letter ─ The main things that you should identify are your goals, motivation, and achievements. It’s worth pointing out your interests.
Have an interview with the program coordinator. You will be asked questions to find out not only about the training and success but also about plans after completion or personal qualities.
Choose the subjects to study ─ They should be interesting to you and designed for your future career. It is advisable to choose one direction.
Take the entrance exam ─ The exam includes written work and interviews. You will have to demonstrate your knowledge in some subjects. The exam itself is held in English.
Get an invitation to study ─ When all the preparation is completed, an invitation is sent to your email or phone. And you can start studying after filling out the documents and paying the entrance fee.
English schools in Russia offer education that follows a modern system. They can offer high-quality knowledge, flexible skills, and an individual approach. Everyone there can offer training that will understand how to get an IB program.
If you are aiming to get an education according to the program, then you should take the preparation responsibly. In fact, this is a complex and multi-level process, and professional help is required. Teachers and programs that are built for the student, his level, and desires.
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